The Effects Of Minimum Wage Increases On Employers Hiring...

What are the effects of minimum wage increases on employers hiring new employees? Over the past 10 years I have worked various different minimum wage and salary jobs. I have noticed a slowing down if you will on hiring. I first wrote this off as different sectors of business must have different hiring techniques and quotas. I have sense become more familiar with the hiring process and would like to find a correlation (bad or good) between minimum wage being raised and the number of new employees a company is willing to hire. Raising the federal minimum wage is a high priority for President Barack Obama, but the issue is mired in debate over whether or not raising the minimum wage would kill jobs. The federal minimum wage is currently $7.25 an hour. The White House and some congressional Democrats want to bump it up to $10.10 an hour. As of this past December, a majority of Americans support a raise. On Election Day, voters in Alaska, Arkansas, Nebraska and South Dakota approved state-level increases to minimum wages. Many democrats these day have laid claim that in years when the minimum wage was raised the economy also saw a rise in jobs. With that being said none of them have really shown any proof to this claim. So I turned to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. For every year Congress increased the minimum wage since 1978, I looked at how much employment grew or shrank a year after the new wage went into effect. The first federal minimum wage went into effect in 1938, butShow MoreRelatedThe Minimum Wage Policy During The United States1714 Words   |  7 PagesNews stories abound with demands from workers, organizations, and lawmakers to increase the federal minimum wage. Headlines throughout the country highlight recent minimum wage policy changes in major cities such as Los Angeles and Seattle. Last month, Governor Andrew Cuomo of New York announced an approved minimum wage increase to $15 an hour for all fast food workers in the state (McGeehan). Even the website for the White House has a separate page, â€Å"Raise the Wage,† advocating for Congress to increaseRead MoreShould Minimum Wage Be Raised?870 Words   |  4 PagesShould Minimum Wage Be Raised? Minimum wage has always been a controversial issue. Many politicians use the argument of minimum wage for their own political propaganda. Some may argue minimum wage should be raised, while others believe it will have detrimental effects on our economy if it is raised. Surprising to most people, minimum wage earners make up only a small percent of American workers. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, minimum wage workers make up about 2.8% of all workersRead MoreMinimum Wage and Its Implications763 Words   |  3 PagesMinimum wage affects everyone. The current minimum wage is at $7.25 and President Obama announced that he wished to see a change in the minimum wage, he wants to raise the hourly wage to $10.10. A rise in the income of those who are employed will also raise the cost of hiring unskilled labor and can potentially reduce the number of people hired by businesses. Also, if minimum wage is raised then the price of the products that the companies are making might i ncrease which will continue the cycle ofRead MoreEssay The Effects of a Change in the Minimum Wage1431 Words   |  6 PagesThe Effects of a Change in the Minimum Wage In 1938, the Fair Labor Standards Act was passed and ever since, the United States has required that all firms that do at least $500,000 worth of business per year pay their workers a minimum wage (â€Å"Handy† n.pag.). Because it affects so many workers in so many different aspects of the economy, the minimum wage plays a big part in the cost of labor and how firms deal with those costs. A change in the minimum wage, which would seemingly affect onlyRead MoreImplementation of Minimum Wages Policies in Malysia1401 Words   |  6 Pagessectors, the wages of an employee had always been a matter of consensus between an employer and an employee depending on the elasticity of demand and supply in the labor market. It is not subjected to any government or legislative intervention, thought de facto minimum wage may exist as a result of custom and extra-legal pressure from unions. This matter which may be agrees upon between employer and the employee. However, the Parliament had r ecently passed new laws to impose the minimum wages of an employeeRead MoreFifth Effect Essay1141 Words   |  5 PagesThe fifth effect can reduce stress, to which has a high health issue for full-time students who have to juggle full-time academic activities and working part-time. Income difference, paying off debt, picking up fewer hours, time management is all stressful consequences that can be turned into a positive outcome, if the suggested policy were implemented. According to Stanford University sleep study, the average sleep requirement for students is well over eight hours, and the majority of students wouldRead MoreThe Effects of Raising the Minimum Wage on US Economy1507 Words   |  6 Pagessupport their family. Due to the fact that the prices of goods increase year and after year, the minimum wage has been increasing from less than a dollar to $7.25 now. The question that comes to everybody is that should we increase the minimum wage by too far. Does the minimum wage increase reduce the unemployment since now the current wage is high enough? Some people might think that we should increase the minimum wage in order to increase the labor supply. However, if we think deeply than this, thereRead MoreHigher Federal Requirements For The Minimum Wage Essay1741 Words   |  7 PagesThe push for higher federal requirements for the minimum wage in the United States, as a means of combatting income inequality, have remained a highly debated topic of discussion over the course of many years in the United States. On one side of this debate you have more progressive economists who believe that if minimum wage is increased the standards of living for many minimum wage employees will be improved, thus spurring economic prosperity for this class of workers and helping to bridge theRead MoreEssay on Raising Minimum Wage Increases Unemployment1420 Words   |  6 Pageshelps families make ends meet like higher wages. †¦ And to everyone in this Congress who still refuses to raise the minimum wage, I say this: If you truly believe you could work full-time and support a family on less than $15,000 a year, go try it. If not, vote to give millions of the hardest-working people in America a raise.† -–President Obama, State of the Union address, Jan. 20, 2015 President Barack Obama is renewing his call to raise the minimum wage to $10.10. During a speech at a manufacturingRead MoreShould We Increase Minimum Wage?1508 Words   |  6 PagesThe topic on whether the minimum wage should be increased our untouched has been a hot topic in the media and political scene lately. Both the republicans and democrats have spent some big bucks lobbying their insights on the matter. There has been a lot of subjective and objective arguments that are reasonable on both the pros and cons of increasing our national minimum wage. To add to the drama associated with this topic, President Obama endorsed a bill proposing a nearly 40% rise from $7.25 to

Racism In America Essay - 816 Words

Around 12,000 B.C., human beings in Asia moved north in search wooly mammoths and made their way across the Bering Straight to Alaska. Over the next several hundred years, they made their way to the Great Plains where they hunted huge mammals to the point of extinction. During the Archaic Period (9000 B.C. Ââ€" 1000 B.C.), bands of hunters moved constantly from one area to another in constant search of a suitable food supply. By 1000 B.C. the first sedentary communities were developed near rich fishing areas along the coasts and large rivers. Sedentary people created complex mound communities along the Mississippi River and in the Ohio Valley. When improvements in corn reached the land north of the Mexican desert, there was a marked boom in†¦show more content†¦The colonists suffered heavy losses and incurred deep war debts just as Parliament decided that the colonies should contribute more toward their own administrative and defense costs. The conflict over Parliaments att empts to exact this due and assert its power, along with the prohibiting of settlement beyond the Appalachians, convinced colonists that Parliament wanted to deprive them of their rights as English subjects. Tensions came to a head with British and American actions leading to the First Continental Congress in 1774 and to revolution the following year. (Image: Scott Foresman Addison Wesley, Picture Research Dept.) After the Revolution, the United States under the Articles of Confederation found itself unable to address serious challenges as the state and federal governments struggled unsuccessfully with a host of issues, often in conflict with one another. To deal with this problem, delegates met in Philadelphia in 1787 and drafted a Constitution which created a new federal system that balanced political power between an executive branch, the legislature, and the states. Although support for the Constitution was not unanimous, the states ratified it. In its early sessions, Congress added the Bill of Rights, established the governments third branch (the judiciary), established a national bank, and had theShow MoreRelatedRacism In America Racism1096 Words   |  5 PagesLeah Song Professor Dongho Cha English 161 22 October 2017 Racism in America The Civil Rights Act of 1964 ended all state and local laws requiring segregation. The â€Å"whites only† signs have ceased to lurk over water fountains, bathrooms, and restaurant counters. However, that is only on legal terms and paperwork. Many Americans don’t want to admit it, but segregation is still around. Sometimes by design or by choice. The 21st century segregation exists only in our school systems and communities. ItRead MoreRacism In America1047 Words   |  5 Pages Many people believe that racism in America is an issue of the past. Slavery has been abolished, segregation is no longer prevalent, and the last president of the United States was African American. While these facts prove that the U.S. has come a long way since the development of Jim Crow Laws and the â…â€" Compromise, racism has still not been defeated. In the past, America’s political system made it possible for racism and slavery to thrive. Today, America does not allow for segregation or discriminationRead MoreRacism In America1187 Words   |  5 PagesRacism has shaped societies since the beginning of time, as far back as the children of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. Even then, people living in the land of Goshen were subjugated to racism because of their differences. From Hitler and the Nazis to the Southern American slave owners, prejudice of one race against another has resulted in atrocities. Racism has shaped the form of our present day societies. Racism will likely never be completely removed from our society it will always exist. However,Read MoreRacism in America1431 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Racism in America Introduction Is racism still a problem in America more than fifty years after the Civil Rights Movement, and 48 years after the 1964 Civil Rights Act signed into law by President Lyndon Johnson? How far has America come from the days when African Americans were lynched by fanatical racist mobs and from the days when Jim Crowe laws trumped the laws set forth by the U.S. Constitution? This paper delves into those and other issues involving racism in America. Thesis: AmericanRead MoreRacism in America3085 Words   |  13 PagesRacism has taken on several forms in America over the past several hundred years. The most substantial or well known is the plight of the African American slaves and the injustices they suffered. Today, a new form of racism is developing; one that has always been around but has now entered the forefront of most Americans minds. This new racism is against members of the Middle Eastern culture and religion. The actions of September 11th have not created a new problem, they have just shed lightRead MoreRacism in America3527 Words   |  15 Pagesï » ¿ Racism in America Alton Dawson Liberty University Abstract The purpose of this research is to show the effects of racism in America. Racism is defined as one group assumes superiority over other groups that develop attitudes of arrogance and ignorance. Despite many laws and legislation attempts to eliminate the evils of racism, the problem focuses on the cultural differences of race, color and biological supremacy. Racism comes in the form of ethnic cleansing, hate groups, discriminationRead MoreRacism In America1757 Words   |  8 Pagesand inequity ever felt by minority groups comes from White racism, expands it into many different examples. While reading his book, I decided to research for myself if his opinions were just that, or had evidence and facts. What I found was a combination. As much as I would love to say that racism hasn’t existed in this country since 1964, that’s unfortunately not true. And while that is true, the bulk of the evidence pointed away from racism in the sense that White people were trying to take powerRead MoreRacism in America2427 Words   |  10 PagesThere is surely no nation in the world that holds racism in greater horror than does the United States. Compared to other kinds of offenses, it is thought to be somehow more reprehensible. The press and public have become so used to tales of murder, rape, robbery, and arson, that any but the most spectacular crimes are shrugged off as part of the inevitable texture of American life. Racism is never shrugged off. For example, when a White Georgetown Law School student reported earlier this yearRead MoreRacism In America1868 Words   |  8 PagesRacism in the United States is still very alive and well. Even after fifteen decades after abolishing slavery, the United States is still a slave to its racist past. In all honestly, the United States hasn’t come to terms with its ugly racial bigotry and injustices. For example, Donald Trump was elected the 45th president; his rise to ascendancy was driven by a campaign that no t only lacked basic human decency, but was filled with xenophobia, Islamophobia and misogyny. While blacks are no longerRead MoreRacism in America Continues733 Words   |  3 Pagescomments and images have not reformed. Blacks continue to be undervalued in society. Not much has changed when it comes to social justice. Hate crimes against Blacks continue to go unpunished. America has evidently regressed when it comes to justice for Black/African Americans. One might ask; how do we know that racism hasnt ended? The evidence is obvious. â€Å"Emmett Till, who was 14 years old in the summer of 1955 when he walked into a local grocery store in Money, Miss., to buy gum. He was later roused

Emotional Learning Disability And Physical Education - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1556 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/05/23 Category Education Essay Level High school Topics: Physical Education Essay Did you like this example? Emotional disturbance, as defined by the Individuals With Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), is a condition demonstrating one or more of the following features over a long time, to the extent it severely impacts a studentrs educational performance. The first of which is an inability to learn aside from intellectual, sensory, or health factors, followed by an inability to engage in adequate interpersonal relationships with other students and teachers. Additionally, students with emotional disturbance may display inappropriate types of behavior or feelings under normal circumstances, a general inescapable mood of unhappiness or depression, as well as a propensity to develop physical symptoms or fears associated with personal or school problems (Algozzine, 2017).. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Emotional Learning Disability And Physical Education" essay for you Create order If a child demonstrates one or more of the characteristics over a long period of time and to a marked degree, the child is considered disturbed and eligible for special education services. Over the years, while the relative number of students identified as qualifying for special education in other categories, such as other specific learning disabilities and autism, has ebbed and flowed, the number of students acknowledged to be eligible for special education in the category of emotional disturbance has remained constant (MacFarlane, Woolfson, 2013). The emotionally disturbed child is the student who, after receiving supportive educational assistance and counseling services available to all students, still exhibits persistent and consistent severe to very severe behavior issues affecting their ability to learn and interact with others. The behavior issues associated with said student cannot be attributed primarily to physical, sensory or intellectual shortcomings (Algozzine, 2017). Students with emotional and behavior disturbances are more likely to face disciplinary exclusions and receive lower academic grades than other students with disabilities. Only 20% of students with emotional disturbances ages 14 to 21 who exited the school system in the last decade received a high school diploma. Similarly, these students experienced disproportionate rates of arrest by the justice system (Smith, Katsiyannis, Ryan, 2011). Learning disabilities are the most common type of disability among special education students today. For many years, almost half of special education students were identified as having a specific learning disability as their primary disability. The share of special education students with learning disabilities dropped from 46 percent in 2000-01 to 38 percent in 2009-10, but these students still continued to make up the single largest disability group (Aron Loprest, 2012). Children with learning disabilities are characterized by lasting feelings of isolation and social rejection over time. Students who are less frequently chosen by peers at school have fewer opportunities to interact and build friendships, leading to increased loneliness, poor social behavior and emotional distress. Conversely, having positive relationships with other students leads to improved mental and psychological adjustment (Cavioni, Grazzani, Ornaghi, 2017). Students with learning disabilities seem to have more difficulty identifying expressions of emotions such as anger, fear, joy, and embarrassment, as well as correctly interpreting social situations and the behavioral consequences of certain actions. In addition, students with learning disabilities are more likely to manifest behavior problems, such as difficulty in maintaining positive social interactions and aggressive behaviors toward other students (Martin, 2013). Education is important for all children, but for those with disabilities or special needs it could mean the difference between a socially fulfilling, intellectually stimulating, and productive life and a future deprived of these qualities. Additionally, education has the potential to positively affect a studentrs ability to advocate for themselves, manage chronic health conditions, and learn how to deal with a variety of problems in childhood and later in life. There are varying opinions on how to properly educate children with learning disabilities (Aron Loprest, 2012). A popular approach in the education of children with learning disabilities is the concept of inclusive education. According to this ideology, all students belong and are valued members of their classroom, and school communities at large. Proponents of inclusive education believe that when students are segregated, the opportunity to interact with a broad range of differences and interests is lost. On the other hand, inclusion creates connections between students, enabling them to pursue shared objectives. Inclusion realizes all students are unique, giving them the feeling they belong, not only in their class, but in the outside world (Specht, 2013). The self-esteem of children with learning disabilities may be negatively affected by classroom isolation and the difficulties of dealing with the demands of school. Children with learning disabilities tend to compare their performance with their peers, often seeing themselves as different, less valued and less skilled (Cavioni, Grazzani, Ornaghi, 2017). Since 1975, there has been a push for inclusive education classes in which students with disabilities are educated alongside their classmates without disabilities in the least restrictive environment. The level of inclusion is up for discussion, with some seeing inclusion as full-time integration, and others viewing it as mainstreaming by placing a student into special rotations for certain subjects such as art, music, or physical education, with the expressed purposed of aiding students in their ability to socialize with others. Some have describe inclusion as providing the support needed to ensure students with disabilities remain successful when they take part in general education classroom. Physical education is no exception to this practice. Despite their disabilities, students should have the opportunity to participate with other students in general physical education class (Umhoefer, Vargas, Beyer, 2015). PE teachers are tasked with ensuring students with disabilities, as well as the students without disabilities are equally successful in their classes. Many researchers have found teachers feel inadequately prepared to adapt and modify their lesson, especially when teaching combined groups of students (?–zer, et al., 2013). General physical educators often lack the support, knowledge, and skills necessary to develop appropriate and safe programs. This is not fair to the teacher, the students with disabilities, or the other students in the class. Children with disabilities have the right to be exposed to the same variety of activities, learning them to the best of their ability. In order to accomplish this, PE teachers must be highly qualified, possessing specific knowledge and skills to instruct children with and without disabilities in physical education (Lieberman, 2010). While most PE teachers support and express positive attitudes toward inclusion, the actual practice of inclusive physical education is not an easy task. PE teachers are often frustrated with their inability to cope with children with disabilities, expressing feelings of inadequacy. There are many benefits to inclusive physical education; especially considering the fact children with a disability are particularly at risk for physical inactivity (Simpson, Mandich, 2012). PE teachers must be adequately supported when including students with learning disabilities in PE. These supports include the presence of educational aids, as well as the ability to consult with special education specialists and school psychologists. Access to adapted and specialized sports equipment is equally important, in addition to adapting curriculum expectations to meet the students needs (Winnick Porretta, 2016). Effective strategies for instructing students with an emotional learning disability include having an effective lesson introduction, setting a positive tone for the remainder of the class, and providing a brief introduction with an anticipatory activity. Since students with emotional learning disability are easily distracted, it is important to properly position the equipment, teacher, and students to minimize distractions (Young, 2012). A special consideration should be made to safety, with any relevant safety rules explained and reiterated often, along with a clear explanation of consequences for any misuse of the equipment. Difficulty sustaining attention may be alleviated by limiting the number of new motor skills taught in a lesson to two or three, depending on their complexity. Research supports the use of visual support for children with behavioral disorders, especially in tandem with verbal instruction, examples may include pictures, diagrams, sign language, or other body movements used in addition to verbal information (Winnick, Porretta, 2016). PE teachers should provide frequent specific feedback, as well as keeping students motivated to stay on task maintaining motivation to stay on task. Other recommendations include establishing an entry routine, making transitions efficient, having a routine for gathering and dismissing students, providing very specific instructions, organizing equipment, and clearly marking boundaries for the playing area. Every effort must be made to group students in formations that fully utilize space and prevent long wait periods, as well as providing students with enough equipment or, if this is not feasible, create stations where students have the opportunity to work on a variety of skills (Young, 2012). In conclusion, the writer found children with emotional learning disability simply need an appropriate support system in order to take advantage of the benefits of participating in PE class. Despite some obvious challenges, students with learning disabilities must be made to feel like they belong, therefore inclusion in PE is extremely beneficial, affording all students an opportunity to not only engage in physical activity, but feel they are part of a group. PE teachers must work in conjunction with special education teachers and school psychologists, making up a unified team dedicated to ensuring the well being of all students. Though many PE teachers see themselves as poorly equipped to deal with students with learning disabilities, with proper support, they have the ability to truly make a difference in the lives of all their students, especially those with learning disabilities. Physical educators are able to provide a quality PE program to students with learning disabilities s imply by making modifications to their classes, paying special attention to minimizing distractions, as well as teaching all students specific classroom routines and behaviors.

The Punishment Of The United States - 1669 Words

Inmate Christian Longo was convicted of the crimes he committed and he was on death row, he wrote an appeal to have his organs donated when he was executed, however he was denied. In an editorial by Longo put in the New York Times he said, â€Å"Eight years ago I was sentenced to death for the murders of my wife and three children. I am guilty. I once thought that I could fool others into believing this was not true. Failing that, I tried to convince myself that it didn’t matter. But, gradually, the enormity of what I did speeded in: that was followed by remorse and then a wish to make amends.† â€Å"I have asked to end my remaining appeals, and then donate my organs after my execution to those who need them. And yet, the prison authority’s response to my latest appeal to donate was this: ‘The interests of the public and condemned inmates are best served by denying the petition’.† Longo went on to tell â€Å"that there are more inmates on dea th row that wanted to do the same and that there was no valid reason as to why they could not, but they were all denied the opportunity (Christian Longo).† There is no reason why inmates shouldn’t be allowed to donate their organs if that is what they want to do, as stated earlier, inmates who die in prison should have to donate their organs if they are healthy organs and are positive matches to anyone on the donor transplant list. Longo and many others want to give their organs to save lives, why are people telling them no, just because they areShow MoreRelatedThe Punishment Of The United States877 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to Fox News the United States was third in the world for highest executions which totaled twenty eight executions nation wide. Execution is a very costly method if you consider how we waste these resources to ridding society of dangerous and violent criminals and should be done away with, there are ways to protect society from violent criminals without resorting to execution. And besides who gives prisons or law enforcers the right kill? Who gives you the right to play God? Why do weRead MoreCapital Punishment Of The United States Essay1680 Words   |  7 PagesIn our contemporary criminal justice system, capital punishment has been one of the most debated topic. Capital punishment is also known as the death penalty. It is a punishment by death of a person by the government, as a result of committing a vicious crime. The nature of the punishment raises a plethora of human-right case; therefore, it has led to its abolishment in many countries. In several countries, the ending of capital punishment against juveniles has been accomplished through enforcementRead MoreCapital Punishment Of The United States961 Words   |  4 Pages Capital Punishment in the United States For centuries, capital punishment has been used as a consequence of capital crime. Criminals who have committed such crimes are subject to facing the death penalty. Pickens shares, â€Å"Capital crimes are considered to be treason or terrorist attacks against the government, crimes against property when life is threatened, and crimes against a person that may include murder, assault, and robberyRead MoreCapital Punishment Of The United States1588 Words   |  7 Pages Capital punishment, also referred to as the death penalty, is the utmost form of punishment in the United States. It is the method of punishment by execution legally given to a criminal convicted of a crime. Capital punishment originated from many early societies, it is only imposed on people who have committed very serious crimes, and only five different execution types are currently used in the United States. The death penalty has been around for a while. The first death penalty laws date backRead MoreCapital Punishment : The United States928 Words   |  4 Pageswe near the culmination of the twentieth century, capital punishment is in decline. Once a near universal practice, the death penalty has been abolished in 101 countries, as of July 2015(Amnesty International, 2015) and executions have become less common amongst industrialised democracies. Some nations keep capital statutes for instances of exceptional crimes such as treason, but parts of the former Soviet Union, Japan and the United States of America (USA) still administer death sentences for ‘ordinary’Read MoreCapital Punishment Of The United States1152 Words   |  5 PagesRogerian Essay: Capital Punishment   Ã‚  Ã‚   There has been about 15,760 executions in the United States since 1700, (http://time.com/deathpenalty/), but that is counting all types of executions, for example: burning, firing squad, hanging, gas, electrocution, injection, and others. Now looking from when the capital punishment was approved in 1976 (Death penalty Information Center), only 1,448 executions have been made. The capital punishment was made for â€Å"retribution, theory which demand for ‘tooth forRead MoreCapital Punishment Of The United States964 Words   |  4 Pagesofficially formed by world countries against its use (Cole, 25). China, which is the most populous country in the world, leads as it executes thousands of inmates yearly. United States of America still practices it even when it is perceived the most democratic republic on earth. As of today, 84 countries in the world retain capital punishment (The Grinnell Literary Societies, 78). However, the number of nations using death penalty i s decreasing. With the recent pressure from different human rights watchRead MoreCapital Punishment Of The United States1495 Words   |  6 PagesCapital punishment in United States also titled as decease penalty, which is a permitted verdict in thirty one states and the American civilian and services lawful systems. Its application is restricted by the amendment of the eight to intensified killings committed by psychologically competent people. Capital punishment existed a consequence for numerous misdemeanors under English mutual regulation, and it was imposed in entire of the early US colonies preceding to the Declaration of IndependenceRead MoreCapital Punishment Of The United States2029 Words   |  9 Pages Capital punishment is one of the most debated topics in the history of the World. It has been implemented and repealed several times by several different countries (DPIC 2014). Capital punishment is the use of the death penalty on someone who has been found guilty of a cr ime. As of 2013 there are still 58 countries in the international community that still use the death penalty. Of those countries, China had the highest reported number of executions which was in the thousands, the next highest wasRead MoreCapital Punishment Of The United States2813 Words   |  12 Pages Capital Punishment in the United States Lacey Wilzbacher Princeton Community HS Capital Punishment in the United States Death Penalty also known as capital punishment is the harshest sentence that a criminal can receive from the court system for carrying out killings therefore one February 17, 2005 at 6 pm Cameron Todd Willingham was executed for the murder of his three children after serving twelve years in prison (Black s Law Dictionary Free 2nd Ed. and The Law Dictionary,

Modernism in “A passage to India” Free Essays

Modernism refers to a classification of literature that was written between 1914 and 1965.   E. M. We will write a custom essay sample on Modernism in â€Å"A passage to India† or any similar topic only for you Order Now Forster’s A Passage to India was published in 1924, placing it in the early years of the Modernist Period as well as within the Georgian Age (Harmon 597).   In art and literature, Modernism paralleled the rise of industrial technology and advances in science. In music, atonalism – that is, music which deliberately avoids key centers and is often dissonant – was produced by composers such as Arnold Schoenberg. Visual art found expression in cubism. Theories by Sigmund Freud also had a powerful influence on this movement. In literature, the Modernistic writing style is characterized by breaking with tradition.   It is inner-self oriented, and that inner-self is often explored using a stream of consciousness manner.   Modernism rejects traditional values and assumptions.   The individual takes pride of place while the social and outward are cast aside.   Some scholars see Modernism as a reaction to the practical and systematic sensibilities of Realism and Naturalism (Harmon 326). Not surprisingly, the Modern Era was also when Existentialism came into prominence – a related philosophy in which human beings are expected to create their own meaning for existence.   Forster’s â€Å"Oriental-leaning† characters in this novel provide examples of a Modernistic mindset contrasting with the traditional English Imperialist mindset provided by other characters. Forster uses the symbol of water to represent the idea of renewal in the â€Å"Temple† chapter. There is an event in which the Hindus are â€Å"preparing to throw God away† (Forster 308), and part of the ceremony involves a replica of the village of Gokul that is placed on a tray and is to perish.   Meanwhile, the British and others are in boats out in the water, observing the festivities, and the boats collide, expelling the passengers.   The symbolic village perishes so that it can be renewed, and is representative of the renewal of mindsets of some of the passengers in the boats. Aziz in particular in the latter portion of the â€Å"Temple† section, exhibits several examples of stream of consciousness thinking.   In one instance Fielding asks Aziz to meet with Stella and Ralph, and Aziz does not reply.   Instead, the reader is allowed into his thoughts, which are not linear but circular, and is one example of how a human mind jumps around from topic to feeling to emotion and back (Forster 314). Because Forster is examining traditional values through a Modernistic lens in this novel, material detail is much less important than what the characters are thinking.   The action in this story is in each character’s mind, and how they grapple with new ideas concerning culture, religion, and morality. Professor Godbole and Mrs. Moore express their inner character and the workings of their minds in an â€Å"Oriental† manner, embodied in the Hindu sensibility.   Mrs. Moore, although a Christian, is accepted into Oriental culture, and she clashes with Heaslop prior to Aziz’s trial.   Heaslop does not understand his mother because he does not recognize her spirituality, and he sides with the English Imperialist mindset against Aziz, the Oriental.   Mrs. Moore will have no part in helping her son succeed to the detriment of an Oriental.   She ultimately leaves India and the trial (Forster 201). In A Passage to India, Forster uses Modernism to explore the inclusive attitude of the â€Å"Oriental† and how diverse people make their passages in coming to terms with this sensibility.   Forster makes use of a Modernistic approach to help him tell a story with great depth, complexity and surprise. Works Cited Forster, E. M.   A Passage to India.   New York:   Harcourt, 1924. Harmon, William and C. High Holman.   A Handbook to Literature. 7th ed.   Upper Saddle River, New Jersey:   Prentice Hall, 1996.    How to cite Modernism in â€Å"A passage to India†, Essay examples

Business Ethics for Hospitality Voluntourism

Question: Discuss about the Business Ethics for Hospitality for Voluntourism. Answer: Introduction Voluntourism means volunteering ones time, capability and energy with an organization, problem or cause to help make a difference in troubled communities around the world as a part of your vacation package. In last few years, voluntourism has become a new way of travelling which is slowly becoming extremely popular around the world (Germann, 2015). However, with growing popularity, the concept has also faced several criticisms. One of such criticism is ethical concerns in voluntourism that have been raised over the past quarter century. This issue mostly includes problems related to power dynamics involved, sensible collision of the work and the encouragement of the impact of the perspectives of those involved. On the other hand, both the organizations that are utilizing volunteers and participants working as volunteers face different types of ethical dilemmas (McLennan, 2014). This essay will focus on those ethical dilemmas faced by the organizations and the volunteers, in terms of voluntourism. Organizations Facing Ethical Dilemma When using Volunteers Ethics is the method by which values and principles are altered into action. Ethical values deliver the resolution maker with a means of shaping what is right versus what is wrong. The field of volunteer management, just like other professional fields, has formed a number of its own codes of ethical performance. For example, in the United States of America, the Association for Volunteer Administration (2006) has advised some core ethical values for the people who are responsible for directing and motivating volunteers. In Canada, the British Columbia Hospice Palliative Care Association (2007) has established a standard for ethical attitude of volunteers in hospice programs. All of these ethical principles are providing admirable and proper standards of actions (Stone Olson, 2016). Therefore, ethical dilemma for the organizations utilizing volunteers does not occur while stating ethical principles, but occur while practically applying them. For organizations that are using volunteers, ethical dilemmas can arise in a variety of ways such as, Dissimilar ethical values that are held by several parties who are involved in the same condition Conflicts exist among the ethical values held by each volunteer Grey areas of explanation subsist within ethical principles Some examples of such difficulties are hereby mentioned below. Relationship between client and volunteers: Boundary issue faced by the organizations in volunteer programs arises from the good relationship that a volunteer establishes with the clients. When these relationships work well, then volunteers offer to do more for the client than in stated in the assignment description of the volunteer. This can include personal services such as shopping, repair works and cleaning services (Trau, 2015). In this situation, the ethical dilemma for the organization or volunteer service manager is to decide whether the volunteer program has the right to intrude in personal activities of the volunteer or not. The questions arises does the volunteer program have the right or obligation to say the volunteer that such activities are not permitted? On the other hand, if the volunteer is told to carry out only those responsibilities stated in the assignment description, then client might feel offended. Relationship between staff and volunteers: Another ethical dilemma that the organizations face is whether they stay loyal with the paid employees or to the volunteers. Besides, another ethical issue arises while setting up working time limit for the volunteers. Volunteers mostly undertake a number of different roles (Nelson, 2017). They also offer their services over a number of days that allows them to become more skilled and flexible. Therefore, organizations will like to have them working for the projects as much as possible. Here the question arises how many hours are too many for a volunteer? An organization might want to use its volunteers for 6 hours a day. However, the same volunteers might want to work for 4 hours only. Disagreement with the volunteer: It I obvious that volunteers will become more experienced with time and will start to develop more options about how clients must be treated. Therefore, they might decide to resolve the issues of the clients based on their own experience and by neglecting the guidance of the organization (Rodell et al., 2016). They will even provide suggestions for alternative arrangements to fulfill a particular duty. Ethical Dilemma of Participants as Volunteers The investigation of ethical dilemmas around the participation of volunteers in organizations includes both Consequentialist and Dentological perspectives. Consequentialism mostly focuses on the results on an individuals actions where Dentology finds out whether the actions are right or wrong. An organization will always think about the consequences of the actions taken by the volunteers (Forbes Zampelli, 2014). However, volunteers will be more concerned about whether an action taken was the right thing to do in the circumstances. In this context, some major ethical issues faced by the volunteers are hereby mentioned below. Volunteers feel confused about their roles and boundaries as the actions they should take in a situation might not be supported by their organizations. They work in the space between the patient and the organization. Therefore, they are expected to balance the demands of both the parties which are a difficult thing to do (Song et al., 2015). In some situations they are forced to select either the requirement of the patient or the rules of the organization. Volunteers most the times face ethical dilemmas while deciding whether their loyalty is with the patient or with the organization they are working with. Volunteers always have better information about a patient and his family situation than the organization. Therefore, they understand what actions must be taken. Sometimes those actions go beyond the rules and regulations of the company (Stukas et al., 2016). In this situation, the volunteers face ethical dilemmas as they cannot decide whether they should take actions as per their experience or as per rules and regulations of the organization. Most of the volunteers face ethical issues if their capabilities and experiences are not recognized or valued by the organization. They also face ethical problems if their personal ethics, beliefs and values are not respected by the other staff members. Volunteers in voluntourism also face some other ethical dilemmas which are hereby mentioned below. Privacy of patient information: In voluntourism, each volunteer program has its own rules and regulations related to confidentiality of client information. Volunteers most of the times follow these rules and regulations. However, in the case of small communities where external personal relationships are all-pervasive, following these rules is very difficult (Schwarz, 2016). Volunteers who are given the responsibility to assist personal clients will be asked by their friends and neighbors (also the friends and neighbors of the patient) about the condition of the patient. In this situation, the volunteers face ethical dilemma as they want to follow organizational assessment of fortification of the privacy of the patients and want to fulfill the societal value of sharing information about members of the community. Loyalty to the client versus the volunteer program: High level of volunteer motivation can facilitate strange behavior and attitude by the volunteers. This strange behavior moistly related to loyalty towards the patient versus the organization or volunteer program (Smith, 2015). In volunteer programs, policies are always mentioned to guide a volunteer through his activities. While providing his assistance, a volunteer, most of the times face an ethical dilemma about whether they must fulfill the interests of the clients or the interests of the volunteer program. This conflict can come into a number of ways such as, It is possible that a client has expressed a wish for support that is not within the limitations of tolerable service as distinct in the volunteer program. However, in this situation, the volunteer wants to help the patient. Volunteer program includes rules and regulations that allow a volunteer to report abusive behavior by the client. However, most of the times, volunteers ignore to report such behaviors out of affection for the client (Forbes Zampelli, 2014). This can create problems for the next volunteer who will support the same patient when the first volunteer will leave. Volunteers also face an ethical dilemma while determining whether they have greater loyalty to the client or to the family members of the client when wishes of these parties conflict with each other. Conclusion In the end, it can be concluded that there are several ethical dilemmas that trouble both the organizations and volunteers in different ways. These ethical problems must be addressed properly. If these ethical problems are ignored, it will negatively affect the clients and their care. In most of the situation, it is seen that volunteers are going beyond their limitations but only to provide better services to the clients. Therefore, while making rules and regulations related to voluntourism, the organizations will have to consider these incidents. If the managers of volunteer program are facing ethical dilemmas about the volunteers, then they must directly communicate with the volunteers to find out a proper solution. Organizations can openly explore, address and respect differences between their thinking and the thinking of volunteers which will boost the experiences of the clients. References Forbes, K. F., Zampelli, E. M. (2014). Volunteerism: The influences of social, religious, and human capital.Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly,43(2), 227-253. Germann Molz, J. (2015). Giving back, doing good, feeling global: The affective flows of family voluntourism.Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 0891241615610382. McLennan, S., 2014. Medical voluntourism in Honduras:Helpingthe poor?.Progress in Development Studies,14(2), pp.163-179. Nelson, R. L. (2017). The limits of cosmopolitanism: exchanges of knowledge in a Guatemalan volunteer programme.Tourism Recreation Research, 1-10. Rodell, J. B., Breitsohl, H., Schrder, M., Keating, D. J. (2016). Employee volunteering: A review and framework for future research.Journal of Management,42(1), 55-84. Schwarz, K. (2016).It's not voluntourism: unpacking young people's narrative claims to authenticity and differentiation in the international volunteer experience(Doctoral dissertation, Faculty of Education, University of Cambridge). Smith, M. (2015). The Cost of Volunteering: Consequences of Voluntourism. Song, X., Nie, L., Zhang, L., Akbari, M., Chua, T. S. (2015, August). Multiple social network learning and its application in volunteerism tendency prediction. InProceedings of the 38th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval(pp. 213-222). ACM. Stone, G. S., Olson, K. R. (2016). The ethics of medical volunteerism.Medical Clinics of North America,100(2), 237-246. Stukas, A. A., Snyder, M., Clary, E. G. (2016). Understanding and encouraging volunteerism and community involvement. Trau, A.M., 2015. Challenges and dilemmas of international development volunteering: a case study from Vanuatu.Development in Practice,25(1), pp.29-41. Young, R. (2016).Tie Up the Lion: An Insight Into Voluntourism. BookBaby.

Law Of Financial Institutions And Securities †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Law Of Financial Institutions And Securities. Answer: An Analysis of the Commercial Bank of Australia Money Laundering Case The Commonwealth Bank of Australia (CBA) has recently found itself in legal trouble after the Australian Transaction Reports and Analysis Centre (AUSTRAC) brought a case in court against it over breach of anti-money laundering andfinancial terrorism laws (Knaus, 2017). The Bank allegedly failed to take necessary action where suspicions arose that its Intelligent Deposit Machines where being used as a vehicle by drug syndicates to launder money. According to the Anti-Money Laundering and Consumer-Terrorism Financing Act 2006, sections 41 and 43, reporting entities such as banks are required to make reports to the AUSTRAC where they believe suspicious transactions are underway or where deposits surpass set thresholds. AUSTRAC alleges that CBA breached these provisions my failing to or delaying reports on suspicious matters even when they had been alerted of investigations by police(White Adhikari, 2017). Further, it is alleged that the bank failed to adequately assess the risk of thei r systems against money laundering and financial terrorism thus making them susceptible to misuse(Eyers, 2010). The following is an analysis of the issues arising in the case study mentioned above with a focus on the role of AUSTRAC and the liability of CBA with regard to its monitoring systems. The Role of AUSTRAC The AUSTRAC is a statutory authority which takes the role of Australias anti-money laundering and counter terrorism financing regulator and specialist financial intelligence unit(AUSTRAC, 2009). Its major role is to ensure and supervise the compliance of financial service providers and other institutions that deal in financial services such as the gambling industry, designated remittance service providers and bullion sellers, with the provisions of the AMI/CTF Act 2006. By doing so, the body ensures transparency and promotes integrity within the Australian financial industry. Its duties can be encompassed in two major roles; the role of a regulator and the role of a financial intelligence unit. In its regulatory role, AUSTRAC is tasked with promoting the obligations of the AML/CTF Act by educating and reaching out to relevant organisations to ensure they understand and comply with the duties bestowed on them. In this role, AUSTRAC collects reports from the aforementioned organisation with regard to their compliance commitment as well as programs set in place and their effectiveness in preventing money laundering and finance terrorism. It further monitors compliance by setting in place assessment programs and where non-compliance is uncovered the body has enforcement powers to address it. The execution of this role is evidenced in the aforementioned case study; AUSTRAC required reports of suspicious matters from CBA as per the law. Further, it noted non-compliance and exercised its enforcement powers to institute a suit against the bank. Additionally, in fulfilment of its roles, it conducted an assessment of the CBA systems so as to uncover the failure in the systems with re gard to monitoring money laundering and financial terrorism activities. Additionally, in its intelligence role, the organisation is tasked with collecting and analysing financial intelligence which it gains through financial transaction reports. Reporting bodies are required to make reports of their transactions to AUSTRAC, the body analyses this information to determine compliance and highlight areas that require further action to prevent money laundering and financial terrorism. These analyses aid it in determining reporting bodies that have weak systems or have failed to comply with their statutory obligations in the war against money laundering. It is through this role that the body was able to highlight the alleged failures in CBAs systems that led to the laundering of millions of dollars obtained through drug trafficking. CBAs Monitoring Systems As highlighted in the case study, CBAs liability arises from their failure to report the suspicious transactions as well as failure to report transactions that were above the set threshold. According to the opinions provided as well as AUSTRACs allegations, the failure stems from lack of proper monitoring systems. According to the law, banks are required to have money laundering control officer to regularly assess potential risks in their systems(Sathye, 2017). However, the allegations purport that CBA failed to conduct a proper risk assessment of their Intelligent Deposit Machines which were ear marked as the vehicle for laundering activities. The machines allow for a deposit of up to twenty thousand dollars at a go; as per the Act, deposits above the threshold of ten thousand dollars should be reported to AUSTRAC. The body alleges that there is a significant number of instances where the bank either failed to make a report of delayed in the same. In essence, these allegations highl ight a failure in internal governance as the systems put in place were not administered accordingly. Conclusion In conclusion, CBA appears to have breached the provisions of the AML/CTF Act 2006 by failing to act on suspicious transactions and report transactions in excess of the threshold to AUSTRAC as required. Their failure highlights a failure in governance as well as breach of statutory duty as discussed above. Lamba versus Empire Bank Esther Guo: A Case Study Analysis on the Bank-Customer Relationship Lamba contracted Empire Bank Ltd for their financial services, that is, savings and credit card facilities. Having filled the necessary forms he was instructed that he would receive his cards and other documents via mail. While at the bank he decided to make inquires with regard to available investment options for an inheritance he had recently received from his father; he was directed to Esther Guo, the financial planner who promised to send recommendations via mail. A week later, Lamba was able to collect his cards via mail, however the post did not include any related documents or the recommendations from Esther as promised. Esther Guo however called him stating that she has passed on all his details to an acquaintance at Australian Managed Investment Ltd (AML) which specialises in investments in high risk gold mining projects; what she failed to disclose however was that she would get a commission for her referral to AML. The following discussion purposes to highlight the legal d uties owed by the bank and Esther to Lamba as a customer as well as the recourse available to Lamba if Esther or the bank breached these duties. Legal Obligations Owed to Lamba The relationship between banks or bankers and their customers is a contractual relationship governed by principles of common law, equity and statutory provisions such as those encompassed inconsumer protection laws (Wentworth, 2012). As such, as a contractual relationship, both parties are obligated to perform certain duties; the emphasis of this discourse will be the obligations of the bank to the customer. Firstly, banks are tasked with the duty of confidentiality or secrecy with regard to customer information; this is a commonlaw duty that has been observed for decades in the industry(Chaikin, 2011). In Tournier v National Provisional and Union Bank of England [1924] 1 KB 461, the English Court of Appeal observed that bankers are tasked with the implied obligation not to share customer information with third parties without the customers consent. In Australia, the application of this duty is limited to the extent that it promotes misleading or deceptive conduct contrary to the provisions of Australian Consumer Law (2010)(Tyree, 2005). In essence, in as far as reasonably applicable, Empire Bank Ltd as well as its employees is tasked with maintaining secrecy with regard to Lambas information; forwarding the information to AML amounts to a breach of this duty as the act was not in exercise of any other obligations that may limit the duty of secrecy. Secondly, banks and their agents are tasked with the duty to disclose; that is, where failure to disclose may lead to misleading or deceptive conduct. The concept of silence as an obligation was illustrated by Black CJ in Demagogue Pty Limited v Ramensky [1992] 39 FCR 31 at 32. Where a bank deliberately fails to disclose information, it could be held liable for breach of duty where the plaintiff or claimant can prove that withholding said information amounted to conduct that was deceptive or misleading under the provisions of the Australian Consumer Law (2010). In Miller Associates Insurance Broking Pty Ltd v MMW Australia Finance Ltd (2010) it was held that silence in a commercial setting could amount to misleading or deceptive conduct where circumstances avail an obligation to disclose. Therefore, although parties in commercial agreements cannot rely on section 18 of the Australian Consumer Law to shift their obligation to conduct due diligence(Geer, 2013), where circumstances ari se that bestow the duty to disclose, bankers can be held liable for breach. In the case study provided, Lamba had the duty to conduct due diligence with regard to the transactions undertaken with the bank in order to protect his interests. However, the engagement with AML by Esther creates an obligation to disclose, Esther was entitled to disclose to Lamba that she would benefit personally from the transaction. Her conduct was misleading and deceptive as she acted on her own interests and not those of Lamba or the bank. Further, a consumer is generally guaranteed that services offered, according to the Australian Consumer Law 2010, are to be provided with reasonable care and skill and within a reasonable time frame(ACCC, 2017); Lamba was to receive all documents and cards promised via mail within a few days. He however received them a week later, this may be considered a minor inconvenience as there was no time set for delivery; further delay could however amount to a breach of duty. It is important to note that Esther was acting as an agent of the Bank and in as far as Lamba is concerned her actions reflect the actions of the bank. Legal Actions Available to Lamba Having established the legal obligations owed to Lamba as a customer and the subsequent breach of these obligations, the following are the legal actions available to Lamba as recourse with regard to the existing contract. In Australia, consumers in the financial services industry can seek recourse from the Financial Ombudsman Service or the Credit Investments Ombudsman. The two bodies handle disputes arising between consumers and their financial service providers where they are concerned about a breach of law, industry code or practice or a failure to meet standards or good practice that amounts to unfair treatment(Credit Investments Ombudsman, 2017). Where a consumer is dissatisfied with the determination of these bodies, they can proceed to court for further recourse which may be by way of damages or prayers to rescind the contract. The main remedies available for breach of the duties above include damages and injunctions(Dechent, 2009). Lamba can apply for an injuction to stop AML from further use of his personal information to create an investment contract. Further, he can rely on the remedy of rescission under contract law to terminate the contract with the bank if he is of the view that the contract cannot proceed due to the magnitude of the breach. He can further sue for damages with regard to inconvenience caused by the conduct of Empire bank and Esther. Conclusion In conclusion, the relationship created between Lamba and the bank is a contractual one. The contract bestows certain obligations on both Lamba and the bank and in extension the banks employees who act as its agents herein. The legal obligations arising are stipulated in statute as well as under common law. They include the duty to secrecy or confidentiality, the duty to disclose in order to avoid misleading or deceptive conduct, and a reasonable duty of care in upholding its obligations. The discussion above has succeeded in ascertaining breach by the Esther as an agent of Empire Bank Ltd. She disclosed Lambas personal information to a third party AML without his knowledge or consent. Further she referred him to the investment entity without mentioning that she had vested interest in the transaction. Lamba can seek legal recourse against Esther and Empire Bank by way of rescission as well as damages. He can apply to court to have the contract rescinded on the grounds of misleading o r deceptive conduct as well as the breach of confidentiality and request damages for loses suffered. References ACCC, 2017. Consumers' rights and obligations. [Online] Available at: https://www.accc.gov.au/business/treating-customers-fairly/consumers-rights-obligations#consumer-guarantees-applying-to-services [Accessed 3 October 2017]. AUSTRAC, 2009. AUSTRAC Annual Report 2008-09, s.l.: AUSTRAC. Chaikin, D., 2011. Adapting the Qualifications to the Bankker's Common Law Duty of Confidentiality to Fight Transnational Crime. Sydney Law Review, Volume 33, pp. 265-294. Credit Investments Ombudsman, 2017. Complaint Resolution. [Online] Available at: https://www.cio.org.au/complaint-resolution/complaint-faqs.html [Accessed 3 October 2017]. Dechent, S., 2009. Liability for Misleading or Deceptive Conduct in the Banking Industry. The Finance Industry, Volume 11, pp. 27-33. Eyers, J., 2010. AUSTRAC allegations are jaw-dropping. The Australian Financial Review, 4 August, p. 13. Frost, J., 2017. CBA faces laundering rap. The Australian Financial Review, 8 August, p. 11. Geer, T., 2013. Misleading and deceptive conduct: be wary of the silences-limited protection for commercial parties under the ACL. [Online] Available at: https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=030271ee-5e44-4c26-bc32-3eca7ca9abae [Accessed 3 October 2017]. Knaus, C., 2017. Commonwealth Bank accussed of Money Laundering and Terrorism-Financing Breaches. [Online] Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2017/aug/03/commonwealth-bank-accused-of-money-laundering-and-terrorism-financing-breaches [Accessed 2 October 2017]. Miller Associates Insurance Broking Pty Ltd v BMW Australia Finance Ltd (2010) HCA 31. Sathye, M., 2017. CBA scandal raises questions of governance and regulatory failurer. The Australian, 7 August. Tournier v National Provisional and Union Bank of England (1924) 1 KB 461. Tyree, A. L., 2005. Implied Consent. [Online] Available at: https://www2.austlii.edu.au/~alan/bankers-references.html [Accessed 3 October 2017]. Tyree, A. L., 2005. Section 52 and the Banker's Duty of Confidentiality. [Online] Available at: https://www2.austlii.edu.au/~alan/secret.html [Accessed 3 October 2017]. Tyree, A. L., 2014. Banking Law in Australia. 8th ed. s.l.:Lexis Nexis Butterworths. Wentworth, E., 2012. Essential Banking Law and Practice, s.l.: Banking and Financial Services Ombudsman Ltd. White, A. Adhikari, S., 2017. Bank Faces Massive Fines Over Allegations: CBA 'failed on money laundering'. The Australian, 4 August, p. 19.